Please enable JavaScript to use CodeHS

CSTA 3B: 3B-AP-14

  1. Frameworks
  2. CSTA 3B

CodeHS Lessons

Construct solutions to problems using student-created components, such as procedures, modules and/or objects.

Introduction to Computer Science in JavaScript (Corgi)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Main Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements and Conditionals
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops
1.13 How to Indent Your Code
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.1 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions Challenges
10.2 Stopping Timers
10.3 Collisions
10.4 Mouse Click Events
10.5 More Mouse Events
10.6 Key Events
12.1 Breakout
22.2 Intro to Grids
21.4 Iterating Through an Object
21.1 Intro to Objects
20.3 Iterating Through an Array
19.4 Crazy Ball Game
19.3 Animation Practice
27.1 Game Design: Helicopter
26.1 Tic Tac Toe
22.4 Grid Example: Get a Row
22.3 Looping Over a Grid
16.3 Extra Karel Practice
22.1 Intro to Sets
24.1 Visualizing Music
25.2 Connect Four
25.1 Conway's Game of Life
19.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
19.1 Snake Game
18.1 Prime Numbers
17.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
16.4 Extra Karel Puzzles

Introduction to Python Programming
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
22.1 Classes and Objects
22.2 Methods
22.3 Built-In Methods
22.4 Operator Overloading
22.6 Inheritance
22.7 Hidden Attributes
22.8 Namespaces
22.9 Modules
20.1 Project: Who Said It?

AP Computer Science A (Nitro)
Standard
5.1 Writing Classes
5.4 Accessor Methods
5.5 Mutator Methods
5.6 Writing Methods

AP Computer Science Principles in JavaScript
Standard
1.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.5 Functions in Karel
5.1 Functions and Parameters 1
5.2 Functions and Parameters 2
5.3 Functions and Parameters 3
5.4 Functions and Return Values 1
5.5 Functions and Return Values 2
5.7 JavaScript vs Karel
5.8 Basic JavaScript and Graphics Challenges

AP Computer Science Principles in Python
Standard
1.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.5 Functions in Karel
5.1 Functions and Parameters 1
5.2 Functions and Parameters 2
5.3 Functions and Parameters 3
5.4 Functions and Return Values 1
5.5 Functions and Return Values 2
5.8 Python vs Karel
5.9 Basic Python and Graphics Challenges
29.1 Project: Who Said It?
27.9 Modules
27.8 Namespaces
27.7 Hidden Attributes
27.6 Inheritance
27.4 Operator Overloading
27.3 Built-In Methods
27.2 Methods
27.1 Classes and Objects

Web Development
Standard
9.22 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Functions and Parameters 1
9.16 Functions and Return Values 1
9.15 Functions and Parameters 2
9.17 Functions and Return Values 2

Web Design and Development
Standard
5.1 The Script Tag
6.4 Callback Functions and Synchronization
8.4 JavaScript Objects

Advanced Cybersecurity
Standard
1.5 Hash Function Development

AP Computer Science Principles: Cybersecurity
Standard
1.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.5 Functions in Karel
5.1 Functions and Parameters 1
5.2 Functions and Parameters 2
5.3 Functions and Parameters 3
5.4 Functions and Return Values 1
5.5 Functions and Return Values 2
5.7 JavaScript vs Karel
5.8 Basic JavaScript and Graphics Challenges

Video Game Design in JavaScript
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Main Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements and Conditionals
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops
1.13 How to Indent Your Code
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.16 Challenge Problems
8.1 Functions Challenges
9.2 Stopping Timers
9.3 Collisions
9.4 Mouse Click Events
9.5 More Mouse Events
9.6 Key Events
11.1 Breakout
12.1 Snake Game
13.3 Iterating Through an Array
14.1 Intro to Objects
14.4 Iterating Through an Object
15.1 Tic Tac Toe
16.1 Game Design: Helicopter
22.2 Intro to Grids
26.3 Crazy Ball Game
26.2 Animation Practice
22.4 Grid Example: Get a Row
22.3 Looping Over a Grid
23.3 Extra Karel Practice
22.1 Intro to Sets
29.1 Visualizing Music
20.1 Connect Four
27.1 Conway's Game of Life
26.1 Fun Graphics Challenges
25.1 Prime Numbers
24.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
23.4 Extra Karel Puzzles

Introduction to Computer Science in JavaScript (Bulldog)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Main Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements and Conditionals
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops
1.13 How to Indent Your Code
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.1 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions Challenges
10.2 Stopping Timers
10.3 Collisions
10.4 Mouse Click Events
10.5 More Mouse Events
10.6 Key Events
12.1 Breakout
13.3 Iterating Through an Array
14.1 Intro to Objects
14.4 Iterating Through an Object
15.1 Tic Tac Toe
16.1 Game Design: Helicopter
20.2 Intro to Grids
24.4 Crazy Ball Game
24.3 Animation Practice
20.4 Grid Example: Get a Row
20.3 Looping Over a Grid
21.3 Extra Karel Practice
20.1 Intro to Sets
26.1 Visualizing Music
27.2 Connect Four
27.1 Conway's Game of Life
24.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
24.1 Snake Game
23.1 Prime Numbers
22.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
21.4 Extra Karel Puzzles

Introduction to Computer Science in JavaScript (Collie)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Main Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements and Conditionals
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops
1.13 How to Indent Your Code
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.1 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions Challenges
21.4 Iterating Through an Object
21.1 Intro to Objects
20.3 Iterating Through an Array
17.4 Crazy Ball Game
17.3 Animation Practice
25.1 Game Design: Helicopter
24.1 Tic Tac Toe
22.4 Grid Example: Get a Row
22.3 Looping Over a Grid
22.2 Intro to Grids
22.1 Intro to Sets
18.1 Visualizing Music
23.2 Connect Four
23.1 Conway's Game of Life
17.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
17.1 Snake Game
16.1 Prime Numbers
15.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
14.4 Extra Karel Puzzles
14.3 Extra Karel Practice
13.1 Breakout
11.6 Key Events
11.5 More Mouse Events
11.4 Mouse Click Events
11.3 Collisions
11.2 Stopping Timers

Mobile Apps
Standard
6.4 Using Methods to Update String States

Mobile Apps (Semester)
Standard
6.4 Using Methods to Update String States

Python Basics with Tracy
Standard
3.6 Top Down Design

Python Basics with Tracy 1
Standard
3.6 Top Down Design

Intro to Programming with Karel the Dog (Ace)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.1 Functions in Karel
2.3 The Main Function
2.4 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
3.1 Commenting Your Code
3.2 Super Karel
3.3 For Loops
4.1 If Statements and Conditionals
4.2 If/Else Statements
5.1 While Loops
6.1 How to Indent Your Code
6.2 Control Structures Example
6.3 More Karel Examples and Testing
7.1 Challenge Problems
10.1 Extra Karel Practice
10.2 Extra Karel Puzzles

Creative Computing (MS)
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Super Karel
2.9 For Loops
2.10 If Statements
2.11 If/Else Statements
2.12 While Loops in Karel
2.13 Control Structures Example
2.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.16 Karel Challenges
3.10 Top Down Design
11.7 Image Manipulation
5.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
4.1 Extra Karel Practice

Creative Computing (HS)
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Super Karel
2.9 For Loops
2.10 If Statements
2.11 If/Else Statements
2.12 While Loops in Karel
2.13 Control Structures Example
2.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.16 Karel Challenges
4.1 Extra Karel Practice
5.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
6.10 Top Down Design
11.7 Image Manipulation

Computing Ideas (Lovelace)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
1.16 Karel Challenges
6.7 Image Manipulation
11.1 Extra Karel Practice
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
13.10 Top Down Design

World of Computing
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
1.16 Karel Challenges

AP Computer Science A Labs
Standard
7.1 Writing BlackJack
8.1 Mad Libs

Intro to CS in Python with Arduino
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
7.4 Functions
12.1 Arduino Challenges
12.4 Final Project
14.1 Classes and Objects
14.2 Methods
14.3 Built-In Methods
14.4 Operator Overloading
14.6 Inheritance
14.7 Hidden Attributes
14.8 Namespaces
14.9 Modules

Intro to Programming in JavaScript with Arduino
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
8.1 Functions and Parameters 1
8.2 Functions and Parameters 2
8.3 Functions and Parameters 3
8.4 Functions and Return Values 1
8.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.1 Functions Challenges
10.4 Functions
11.2 Random Circles
11.3 Random Ghosts
11.4 Bouncing Ball
11.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
11.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
11.7 Drawing Lines
11.8 Key Events
11.9 Crazy Ball Game
13.1 Breakout
14.1 Arduino Challenges
14.4 Final Project
18.1 Extra Karel Practice
19.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
20.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
21.1 Tic Tac Toe
22.1 Game Design: Helicopter

Intro to Programming with Tracy and micro:bit
Standard
3.5 Top Down Design
7.5 Functions
9.1 micro:bit Challenges
9.4 Final Project

Intro to Programming with Karel and micro:bit
Standard
7.5 Functions
10.1 micro:bit Challenges
10.4 Final Project

Introduction to Physical Computing with micro:bit
Standard
2.5 Functions
3.1 micro:bit Challenges
3.4 Final Project

Introduction to Physical Computing with Arduino
Standard
2.4 Functions
3.1 Arduino Challenges
3.4 Final Project

Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Introduction to Java (Latte)
Standard
7.1 Pokemon Simulation
9.1 Java Outside of CodeHS
8.1 Mad Libs

AP Computer Science A (Mocha)
Standard
1.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.5 Methods in Karel
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 While Loops in Karel
1.11 If Statements
1.12 If/Else Statements
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
1.16 Karel Challenges
2.1 Printing in Java
2.2 Variables and Types
2.3 User Input
2.4 Arithmetic Expressions
2.5 Casting
2.6 Booleans
2.7 Logical Operators
2.8 Comparison Operators
2.9 For Loops
2.10 While Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 Loop-and-a-Half
2.13 Short-Circuit Evaluation
2.14 De Morgan's Laws
2.15 Strings
3.1 Java Methods
3.2 Methods and Parameters
3.3 Methods and Return Values
3.4 Javadocs and More Methods
3.5 Strings Methods
3.6 Strings and Characters
3.7 Exceptions
3.8 String Processing
4.1 Introduction to Classes and Objects
4.2 Classes vs. Objects
4.3 Using a Class as a Client
4.4 Writing Classes
4.5 Writing Classes and Instance Methods
4.6 Getter and Setter Methods
4.7 Class Methods and Class Variables
4.9 Method Overloading
4.10 Local Variables and Scope
4.11 Key Terms for Classes
4.12 Objects vs Primitives
4.13 Inheritance
4.14 Class Design and Abstract Classes
4.15 Polymorphism
4.17 Interfaces
5.1 What are Data Structures?
5.2 Introduction to Arrays
5.3 Using Arrays
5.5 ArrayList Methods
5.6 Arrays vs ArrayLists
5.8 The List Interface
5.9 2D Arrays (Matrices or Grids)
5.11 HashMaps
5.12 Binary
6.1 Writing BlackJack
8.1 What is an Algorithm?
8.2 Linear Search
8.3 Binary Search
8.4 Selection Sort
8.5 Insertion Sort
8.6 Advanced: Recursion
8.7 Mergesort
10.1 Final Project
11.1 Pokemon Simulation
13.1 Java Outside of CodeHS
12.1 Mad Libs

Introduction to Computer Science in JavaScript (Golden) (2022)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
7.1 Functions and Parameters 1
7.2 Functions and Parameters 2
7.3 Functions and Parameters 3
7.4 Functions and Return Values 1
7.5 Functions and Return Values 2
8.1 Functions Challenges
9.2 Random Circles
9.3 Random Ghosts
9.4 Bouncing Ball
9.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
9.7 Drawing Lines
9.8 Key Events
9.9 Crazy Ball Game
11.1 Breakout
27.1 Game Design: Helicopter
17.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
18.1 Prime Numbers
19.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
19.1 Fun Snake
20.2 Connect Four
20.1 Conway's Game of Life
21.1 Evolution Simulation
24.1 Visualizing Music
26.1 Tic Tac Toe
16.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
15.1 Extra Karel Practice
25.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
25.16 Data Structures Challenges
25.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
25.14 Looping Over a Grid
25.13 Intro to Grids
25.12 Intro to Sets
25.11 When Do I Use an Object?
25.10 Iterating Over an Object
25.9 Basics of Objects
25.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
25.7 Removing an Element From an Array
25.6 Finding an Element in a List
25.5 Iterating Over an Array

Introduction to Computer Science in JavaScript (Bulldog) (2022)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
7.1 Functions and Parameters 1
7.2 Functions and Parameters 2
7.3 Functions and Parameters 3
7.4 Functions and Return Values 1
7.5 Functions and Return Values 2
8.1 Functions Challenges
9.2 Random Circles
9.3 Random Ghosts
9.4 Bouncing Ball
9.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
9.7 Drawing Lines
9.8 Key Events
9.9 Crazy Ball Game
11.1 Breakout
12.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
12.5 Iterating Over an Array
12.6 Finding an Element in a List
12.7 Removing an Element From an Array
12.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
12.9 Basics of Objects
12.10 Iterating Over an Object
12.11 When Do I Use an Object?
12.12 Intro to Sets
12.13 Intro to Grids
12.14 Looping Over a Grid
12.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
12.16 Data Structures Challenges
13.1 Tic Tac Toe
14.1 Game Design: Helicopter
22.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
22.1 Fun Snake
18.1 Extra Karel Practice
20.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
19.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
21.1 Prime Numbers
28.1 Visualizing Music
24.1 Evolution Simulation
23.1 Conway's Game of Life
23.2 Connect Four

Introduction to Computer Science (Collie) (2022)
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
7.1 Functions and Parameters 1
7.2 Functions and Parameters 2
7.3 Functions and Parameters 3
7.4 Functions and Return Values 1
7.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.1 Functions Challenges
9.1 Functions Challenges
21.16 Data Structures Challenges
12.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Prime Numbers
14.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
14.1 Fun Snake
15.2 Connect Four
15.1 Conway's Game of Life
16.1 Evolution Simulation
20.1 Visualizing Music
22.1 Tic Tac Toe
11.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
10.1 Extra Karel Practice
23.1 Game Design: Helicopter
21.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
21.14 Looping Over a Grid
21.13 Intro to Grids
21.12 Intro to Sets
21.11 When Do I Use an Object?
21.10 Iterating Over an Object
21.9 Basics of Objects
21.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
21.7 Removing an Element From an Array
21.6 Finding an Element in a List
21.5 Iterating Over an Array
21.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays

Intro to Python with Tracy (2022)
Standard
3.5 Top Down Design
10.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
10.5 Functions in Karel

Introduction to Computer Science in Python
Standard
2.10 Top Down Design
12.1 Classes and Objects
12.2 Methods
12.3 Built-In Methods
12.4 Operator Overloading
12.6 Inheritance
12.7 Hidden Attributes
12.8 Namespaces
12.9 Modules
16.1 Project: Who Said It?
23.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
23.5 Functions in Karel

Arizona Software and App Design I
Standard
6.10 Functions and Parameters 1
6.11 Functions and Parameters 2
6.12 Functions and Return Values 1
6.16 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays

Arizona Software and App Design II
Standard
7.1 Writing Classes
7.4 Accessor Methods
7.5 Mutator Methods
7.6 Writing Methods
8.1 What are Data Structures?
8.2 Introduction to Arrays
8.3 Using Arrays
8.5 ArrayList Methods
8.6 Arrays vs ArrayLists
8.8 The List Interface
8.9 2D Arrays
8.11 HashMaps
8.12 Binary
9.1 What is an Algorithm?
9.2 Linear Search
9.3 Binary Search
9.4 Selection Sort
9.5 Insertion Sort
9.7 Mergesort

Arizona Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice

Arkansas Programming I (JavaScript)
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
6.1 What is Code
10.1 Functions and Parameters 1
10.2 Functions and Parameters 2
10.3 Functions and Parameters 3
10.4 Functions and Return Values 1
10.5 Functions and Return Values 2
10.6 Local Variables and Scope
10.8 Random Circles
10.9 Random Ghosts
10.10 Bouncing Ball
10.11 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
10.14 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
10.15 Iterating Over an Array
14.9 Data Structures Challenges
14.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
14.7 Looping Over a Grid
14.6 Intro to Grids
14.5 Intro to Sets
14.4 When Do I Use an Object?
14.3 Iterating Over an Object
14.2 Basics of Objects
14.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
13.3 Removing an Element From an Array
13.2 Finding an Element in a List
18.4 Crazy Ball Game
18.3 Key Events
18.2 Drawing Lines
18.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
17.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
16.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
15.1 Extra Karel Practice

Arkansas Programming I (Python)
Standard
2.10 Top Down Design
18.1 Project: Who Said It?

California Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
2.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
3.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
3.4 Functions in Karel
3.5 The Start Function
3.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
3.7 Commenting Your Code
3.8 Abstraction
3.9 Super Karel
3.10 For Loops
3.11 If Statements
3.12 If/Else Statements
3.13 While Loops in Karel
3.14 Control Structures Example
3.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
3.16 How to Indent Your Code
4.2 Challenge Problems
10.1 Functions and Parameters 1
10.2 Functions and Parameters 2
10.3 Functions and Parameters 3
10.4 Functions and Return Values 1
10.5 Functions and Return Values 2
10.7 Random Circles
10.8 Random Ghosts
10.9 Bouncing Ball
10.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
10.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
10.14 Iterating Over an Array
18.9 Data Structures Challenges
18.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
18.7 Looping Over a Grid
18.6 Intro to Grids
18.5 Intro to Sets
18.4 When Do I Use an Object?
18.3 Iterating Over an Object
18.2 Basics of Objects
18.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
17.3 Removing an Element From an Array
17.2 Finding an Element in a List
16.4 Crazy Ball Game
16.3 Key Events
16.2 Drawing Lines
16.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
15.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
14.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
13.1 Extra Karel Practice

Delaware Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Delaware Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Florida Computing Ideas
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
11.1 Functions and Parameters 1
11.2 Functions and Parameters 2
11.3 Functions and Parameters 3
11.4 Functions and Return Values 1
11.5 Functions and Return Values 2
11.7 Random Circles
11.8 Random Ghosts
11.9 Bouncing Ball
11.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
11.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
11.14 Iterating Over an Array
19.9 Data Structures Challenges
19.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
19.7 Looping Over a Grid
19.6 Intro to Grids
19.5 Intro to Sets
19.4 When Do I Use an Object?
19.3 Iterating Over an Object
19.2 Basics of Objects
19.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
18.3 Removing an Element From an Array
18.2 Finding an Element in a List
17.4 Crazy Ball Game
17.3 Key Events
17.2 Drawing Lines
17.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
16.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
15.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
14.1 Extra Karel Practice

Georgia Foundations of Computer Programming
Standard
3.10 Top Down Design
4.1 Practice PT: Pair-Programming Paint!

Georgia Introduction to Software Technology
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Main Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements and Conditionals
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops
2.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.16 Control Structures Example
2.17 More Karel Examples and Testing
3.2 Challenge Problems
11.1 The Script Tag
13.1 Extra Karel Practice
13.2 Extra Karel Puzzles

Georgia Computer Science Principles
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
5.1 Functions and Parameters 1
5.2 Functions and Parameters 2
5.3 Functions and Parameters 3
5.4 Functions and Return Values 1
5.5 Functions and Return Values 2
5.7 JavaScript vs Karel
5.8 Basic JavaScript and Graphics Challenges

Georgia Introduction to Digital Technology
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
20.2 Basics of Objects
20.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
20.3 Iterating Over an Object
20.4 When Do I Use an Object?
20.5 Intro to Sets
20.6 Intro to Grids
20.7 Looping Over a Grid
20.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
20.9 Data Structures Challenges
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
18.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
21.4 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
21.6 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
21.9 Hash Function Development
21.10 Project: Classic Cipher Newscast
16.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
17.2 Functions and Parameters 2
17.3 Functions and Parameters 3
17.4 Functions and Return Values 1
17.5 Functions and Return Values 2
17.7 Random Circles
17.8 Random Ghosts
17.9 Bouncing Ball
17.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
17.1 Functions and Parameters 1
16.2 Drawing Lines
16.3 Key Events
16.4 Crazy Ball Game
17.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
17.14 Iterating Over an Array
19.2 Finding an Element in a List
19.3 Removing an Element From an Array

Georgia Foundations of Artificial Intelligence
Standard
18.10 Top Down Design
15.1 Classes and Objects
15.2 Methods
15.3 Built-In Methods
15.4 Operator Overloading
15.6 Inheritance
15.7 Hidden Attributes
15.8 Namespaces
15.9 Modules
17.1 Project: Who Said It?

Georgia Introduction to Software Technology (2022)
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
14.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
13.1 Extra Karel Practice

Hawaii EXS1300 Intro to Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Hawaii EXS0100 Intro to Computer Science A
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
6.13 Control Structures Example
10.4 Final Project
10.1 micro:bit Challenges
9.5 Functions
7.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
6.16 Karel Challenges
6.15 How to Indent Your Code
6.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
6.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
6.12 While Loops in Karel
6.11 If/Else Statements
6.10 If Statements
6.9 For Loops
6.8 Super Karel
6.7 Commenting Your Code
6.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
6.5 The Start Function
6.4 Functions in Karel

Illinois Introduction to Computer Science
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Main Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements and Conditionals
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops
1.13 How to Indent Your Code
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
6.2 Stopping Timers
6.3 Collisions
6.4 Mouse Click Events
6.5 More Mouse Events
6.6 Key Events
29.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
29.7 Removing an Element From an Array
29.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
29.9 Basics of Objects
29.10 Iterating Over an Object
29.11 When Do I Use an Object?
29.12 Intro to Sets
29.13 Intro to Grids
29.14 Looping Over a Grid
21.3 Animation Practice
29.16 Data Structures Quiz
31.1 Tic Tac Toe
32.1 Game Design: Helicopter
21.4 Crazy Ball Game
29.6 Finding an Element in a List
29.5 Iterating Over an Array
29.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
28.1 Visualizing Music
30.2 Connect Four
30.1 Conway's Game of Life
21.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
21.1 Snake Game
20.1 Prime Numbers
24.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
19.2 Extra Karel Puzzles
19.1 Extra Karel Practice
27.1 Breakout
25.1 Functions Challenges
18.1 Challenge Problems

Indiana Introduction to Computer Science
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
12.1 Functions and Parameters 1
12.2 Functions and Parameters 2
12.3 Functions and Parameters 3
12.4 Functions and Return Values 1
12.5 Functions and Return Values 2
13.1 Functions Challenges
33.13 Intro to Grids
33.12 Intro to Sets
33.14 Looping Over a Grid
33.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
33.16 Data Structures Challenges
35.1 Game Design: Helicopter
20.1 Extra Karel Practice
24.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
34.1 Tic Tac Toe
32.1 Visualizing Music
29.1 Evolution Simulation
28.1 Conway's Game of Life
28.2 Connect Four
27.1 Fun Snake
27.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
26.1 Prime Numbers
25.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
33.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
21.3 Random Ghosts
21.4 Bouncing Ball
21.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
21.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
21.7 Drawing Lines
21.8 Key Events
21.9 Crazy Ball Game
23.1 Breakout
21.2 Random Circles
33.5 Iterating Over an Array
33.6 Finding an Element in a List
33.7 Removing an Element From an Array
33.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
33.9 Basics of Objects
33.10 Iterating Over an Object
33.11 When Do I Use an Object?

Indiana Principles of Computing
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
12.1 Functions and Parameters 1
12.2 Functions and Parameters 2
12.3 Functions and Parameters 3
12.4 Functions and Return Values 1
12.5 Functions and Return Values 2
13.1 Functions Challenges
33.13 Intro to Grids
33.12 Intro to Sets
33.14 Looping Over a Grid
33.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
33.16 Data Structures Challenges
35.1 Game Design: Helicopter
20.1 Extra Karel Practice
24.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
34.1 Tic Tac Toe
32.1 Visualizing Music
29.1 Evolution Simulation
28.1 Conway's Game of Life
28.2 Connect Four
27.1 Fun Snake
27.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
26.1 Prime Numbers
25.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
33.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
21.3 Random Ghosts
21.4 Bouncing Ball
21.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
21.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
21.7 Drawing Lines
21.8 Key Events
21.9 Crazy Ball Game
23.1 Breakout
21.2 Random Circles
33.5 Iterating Over an Array
33.6 Finding an Element in a List
33.7 Removing an Element From an Array
33.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
33.9 Basics of Objects
33.10 Iterating Over an Object
33.11 When Do I Use an Object?

Indiana Topics in Computer Science
Standard
1.6 Stopping Timers
1.7 Collisions
1.8 Mouse Click Events
1.9 More Mouse Events
1.10 Key Events

Indiana Computer Science I
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code
2.1 Challenge Problems
8.1 Functions and Parameters 1
8.2 Functions and Parameters 2
8.3 Functions and Parameters 3
8.4 Functions and Return Values 1
8.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.1 Functions Challenges
10.2 Random Circles
10.3 Random Ghosts
10.4 Bouncing Ball
10.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
10.6 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
10.7 Drawing Lines
10.8 Key Events
10.9 Crazy Ball Game
12.1 Breakout
28.1 Game Design: Helicopter
18.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
19.1 Prime Numbers
20.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
20.1 Fun Snake
21.2 Connect Four
21.1 Conway's Game of Life
22.1 Evolution Simulation
25.1 Visualizing Music
27.1 Tic Tac Toe
17.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
16.1 Extra Karel Practice
26.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
26.16 Data Structures Challenges
26.15 Grid Example: Get a Row
26.14 Looping Over a Grid
26.13 Intro to Grids
26.12 Intro to Sets
26.11 When Do I Use an Object?
26.10 Iterating Over an Object
26.9 Basics of Objects
26.8 Intro to Objects/Maps
26.7 Removing an Element From an Array
26.6 Finding an Element in a List
26.5 Iterating Over an Array

Indiana Computer Science III: Cybersecurity
Standard
2.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
2.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
3.1 Project: Classic Cipher Newscast
4.5 Hash Function Development

Iowa Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Iowa Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Maryland Computer Science I
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice

Michigan Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Michigan Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Montana Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Nebraska Introduction to Computer Science and Technology
Standard
6.8 Top Down Design

Nebraska Introduction to Computer Science and Technology (1 year)
Standard
8.8 Top Down Design

New Hampshire Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

New Hampshire Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

New Jersey Computer Science
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
4.1 Functions and Parameters 1
4.2 Functions and Parameters 2
4.3 Functions and Parameters 3
4.4 Functions and Return Values 1
4.5 Functions and Return Values 2
4.7 JavaScript vs Karel
4.8 Basic JavaScript and Graphics Challenges

New Jersey Computer Science and Design Thinking
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
4.1 Functions and Parameters 1
4.2 Functions and Parameters 2
4.3 Functions and Parameters 3
4.4 Functions and Return Values 1
4.5 Functions and Return Values 2
4.7 JavaScript vs Karel
4.8 Basic JavaScript and Graphics Challenges

New Jersey MS Computer Science
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
14.10 If Statements
7.4 Final Project
7.1 micro:bit Challenges
6.5 Functions
15.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
14.16 Karel Challenges
14.15 How to Indent Your Code
14.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
14.13 Control Structures Example
14.12 While Loops in Karel
14.11 If/Else Statements
14.9 For Loops
14.8 Super Karel
14.7 Commenting Your Code
14.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
14.5 The Start Function
14.4 Functions in Karel
14.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
10.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
10.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher

New Mexico Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

New Mexico Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Nevada Middle School Computer Science
Standard
3.10 Top Down Design
8.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
8.4 Functions in Karel
8.5 The Start Function
8.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
8.7 Commenting Your Code
8.8 Super Karel
8.9 For Loops
8.10 If Statements
8.11 If/Else Statements
8.12 While Loops in Karel
8.13 Control Structures Example
8.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
8.15 How to Indent Your Code
8.16 Karel Challenges
9.7 Image Manipulation
11.4 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
11.6 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.9 Hash Function Development
12.1 Project: Classic Cipher Newscast

Nevada Computer Science and Applications
Standard
3.10 Top Down Design

Nevada Computer Science 2
Standard
3.4 Karel Can't Turn Right
3.5 Methods in Karel
3.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
3.7 Commenting Your Code
3.8 Super Karel
3.9 For Loops
3.10 While Loops in Karel
3.11 If Statements
3.12 If/Else Statements
3.13 Control Structures Example
3.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
3.15 How to Indent Your Code
3.16 Karel Challenges
4.2 Printing in Java
4.3 Variables and Types
4.4 User Input
4.5 Arithmetic Expressions
4.6 Casting
4.7 Booleans
4.8 Logical Operators
4.9 Comparison Operators
4.10 For Loops
4.11 While Loops
4.12 If Statements
4.13 Loop-and-a-Half
4.14 Short-Circuit Evaluation
4.15 De Morgan's Laws
4.16 Strings
5.1 Java Methods
5.2 Methods and Parameters
5.3 Methods and Return Values
5.4 Javadocs and More Methods
5.5 Strings Methods
5.6 Strings and Characters
5.7 Exceptions
5.8 String Processing
6.1 Introduction to Classes and Objects
6.2 Classes vs. Objects
6.3 Using a Class as a Client
6.4 Writing Classes
6.5 Writing Classes and Instance Methods
6.6 Getter and Setter Methods
6.7 Class Methods and Class Variables
6.9 Method Overloading
6.10 Local Variables and Scope
6.11 Key Terms for Classes
6.12 Objects vs Primitives
6.13 Inheritance
6.14 Class Design and Abstract Classes
6.15 Polymorphism
6.17 Interfaces
7.1 What are Data Structures?
7.2 Introduction to Arrays
7.3 Using Arrays
7.5 ArrayList Methods
7.6 Arrays vs ArrayLists
7.8 The List Interface
7.9 2D Arrays
7.11 HashMaps
7.12 Binary
9.1 What is an Algorithm?
9.2 Linear Search
9.3 Binary Search
9.4 Selection Sort
9.5 Insertion Sort
9.6 Advanced: Recursion
9.7 Mergesort
12.1 Pokemon Simulation
13.1 Mad Libs

Nevada Advanced Computer Science I
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Main Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements and Conditionals
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops
2.14 How to Indent Your Code
2.15 Control Structures Example
2.16 More Karel Examples and Testing
9.5 JavaScript vs Karel
10.4 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
10.5 Iterating Over an Array
10.6 Finding an Element in a List
10.7 Removing an Element From an Array
10.9 Data Structures Quiz
11.1 What is an Algorithm?
11.2 Intro to Sets
11.3 Intro to Grids
11.4 Looping Over a Grid
11.5 Grid Example: Get a Row
15.1 Breakout
16.1 Intro to Objects
16.4 Iterating Through an Object
17.1 Prime Numbers
13.6 Key Events
13.5 More Mouse Events
13.4 Mouse Click Events
13.3 Collisions
13.2 Stopping Timers
18.4 Crazy Ball Game
18.3 Animation Practice
18.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
18.1 Snake Game

New York Computer Science 9-12
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Main Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Super Karel
2.9 For Loops
2.10 If Statements and Conditionals
2.11 If/Else Statements
2.12 While Loops
2.13 How to Indent Your Code
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
8.2 Stopping Timers
8.3 Collisions
8.4 Mouse Click Events
8.5 More Mouse Events
8.6 Key Events
17.4 Crazy Ball Game
17.3 Animation Practice
17.2 Fun Graphics Challenges
17.1 Snake Game
16.1 Prime Numbers
20.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
15.2 Extra Karel Puzzles
15.1 Extra Karel Practice
23.1 Breakout
21.1 Functions Challenges
14.1 Challenge Problems

North Carolina Intro to Computer Science
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel

Oklahoma Computer Science 6-7
Standard
1.11 Top Down Design

Oklahoma Exploring Computer Science for 8th Grade
Standard
1.11 Top Down Design

Oklahoma Computer Science II
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Abstraction
1.9 Super Karel
1.10 For Loops
1.11 If Statements
1.12 If/Else Statements
1.13 While Loops in Karel
1.14 Control Structures Example
1.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.16 How to Indent Your Code
2.2 Challenge Problems
7.1 Functions and Parameters 1
7.2 Functions and Parameters 2
7.3 Functions and Parameters 3
7.4 Functions and Return Values 1
7.5 Functions and Return Values 2
8.2 Random Circles
8.3 Random Ghosts
8.4 Bouncing Ball
8.5 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.3 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.4 Iterating Over an Array
9.5 Finding an Element in a List
9.6 Removing an Element From an Array
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.4 Crazy Ball Game
16.3 Key Events
16.2 Drawing Lines
16.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
15.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
14.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
13.1 Extra Karel Practice

Oklahoma Advanced Programming
Standard
3.1 Functions and Parameters 1
3.2 Functions and Parameters 2
3.3 Functions and Parameters 3
3.4 Functions and Return Values 1
3.5 Functions and Return Values 2
13.1 Classes and Objects
13.2 Methods
13.3 Built-In Methods
13.4 Operator Overloading
13.6 Inheritance
13.7 Hidden Attributes
13.8 Namespaces
13.9 Modules

Pennsylvania Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
11.13 Control Structures Example
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
12.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
11.16 Karel Challenges
11.15 How to Indent Your Code
11.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
11.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
11.12 While Loops in Karel
11.11 If/Else Statements
11.10 If Statements
11.9 For Loops
11.8 Super Karel
11.7 Commenting Your Code
11.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
11.5 The Start Function
11.4 Functions in Karel

Pennsylvania Foundations of Computer Science
Standard
2.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
2.4 Functions in Karel
2.5 The Start Function
2.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
2.7 Commenting Your Code
2.8 Abstraction
2.9 Super Karel
2.10 For Loops
2.11 If Statements
2.12 If/Else Statements
2.13 While Loops in Karel
2.14 Control Structures Example
2.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
2.16 How to Indent Your Code
3.2 Challenge Problems
9.1 Functions and Parameters 1
9.2 Functions and Parameters 2
9.3 Functions and Parameters 3
9.4 Functions and Return Values 1
9.5 Functions and Return Values 2
9.7 Random Circles
9.8 Random Ghosts
9.9 Bouncing Ball
9.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
9.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
9.14 Iterating Over an Array
14.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.9 Data Structures Challenges
17.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
17.7 Looping Over a Grid
17.6 Intro to Grids
17.5 Intro to Sets
17.4 When Do I Use an Object?
17.3 Iterating Over an Object
17.2 Basics of Objects
17.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
16.3 Removing an Element From an Array
16.2 Finding an Element in a List
15.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.3 Key Events
15.2 Drawing Lines
15.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved

Rhode Island Computer Science Principles in Python
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
4.1 Functions and Parameters 1
4.2 Functions and Parameters 2
4.3 Functions and Parameters 3
4.4 Functions and Return Values 1
4.5 Functions and Return Values 2
4.8 Python vs Karel
4.9 Basic Python and Graphics Challenges

Rhode Island Tech Apps and Coding
Standard
1.10 Top Down Design
5.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
5.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
15.4 Final Project
15.1 micro:bit Challenges
14.5 Functions
13.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
12.16 Karel Challenges
12.15 How to Indent Your Code
12.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
12.13 Control Structures Example
12.12 While Loops in Karel
12.11 If/Else Statements
12.10 If Statements
12.9 For Loops
12.8 Super Karel
12.7 Commenting Your Code
12.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
12.5 The Start Function
12.4 Functions in Karel
12.3 Karel Can't Turn Right

South Carolina Computer Programming with Python 1
Standard
3.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
3.4 Functions in Karel

South Carolina Computer Programming 2 with Python
Standard
3.1 Functions and Parameters 1
3.2 Functions and Parameters 2
3.3 Functions and Parameters 3
3.4 Functions and Return Values 1
3.5 Functions and Return Values 2
6.1 Classes and Objects
6.2 Methods
6.3 Built-In Methods
6.4 Operator Overloading
6.6 Inheritance
6.7 Hidden Attributes
6.8 Namespaces
6.9 Modules
13.1 Project: Who Said It?

South Carolina Introduction to Computer Programming
Standard
3.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
3.4 Functions in Karel

South Carolina Intermediate Computer Programming
Standard
3.1 Functions and Parameters 1
3.2 Functions and Parameters 2
3.3 Functions and Parameters 3
3.4 Functions and Return Values 1
3.5 Functions and Return Values 2
6.1 Classes and Objects
6.2 Methods
6.3 Built-In Methods
6.4 Operator Overloading
6.6 Inheritance
6.7 Hidden Attributes
6.8 Namespaces
6.9 Modules
13.1 Project: Who Said It?

South Carolina Fundamentals of Computing
Standard
3.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
3.4 Functions in Karel
3.5 The Start Function
3.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
3.7 Commenting Your Code
3.8 Abstraction
3.9 Super Karel
3.10 For Loops
3.11 If Statements
3.12 If/Else Statements
3.13 While Loops in Karel
3.14 Control Structures Example
3.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
3.16 How to Indent Your Code
4.2 Challenge Problems
15.13 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
19.4 Crazy Ball Game
15.14 Iterating Over an Array
20.2 Finding an Element in a List
20.3 Removing an Element From an Array
21.1 Intro to Objects/Maps
21.2 Basics of Objects
21.3 Iterating Over an Object
21.4 When Do I Use an Object?
21.5 Intro to Sets
21.6 Intro to Grids
21.7 Looping Over a Grid
21.8 Grid Example: Get a Row
21.9 Data Structures Challenges
16.1 Extra Karel Practice
17.1 Extra Karel Puzzles
18.1 Functions and Parameters Practice
26.5 Functions and Return Values 2
26.1 Functions and Parameters 1
26.2 Functions and Parameters 2
26.2 Functions and Parameters 2
26.3 Functions and Parameters 3
26.3 Functions and Parameters 3
26.4 Functions and Return Values 1
26.4 Functions and Return Values 1
26.5 Functions and Return Values 2
26.1 Functions and Parameters 1
15.7 Random Circles
15.8 Random Ghosts
15.9 Bouncing Ball
15.10 Mouse Events: Mouse Clicked
19.1 Mouse Events: Mouse Moved
19.2 Drawing Lines
19.3 Key Events

South Carolina Cybersecurity Fundamentals
Standard
4.3 Basic Crypto Systems: Caesar Cipher
4.5 Basic Crypto Systems: Vigenere Cipher
5.5 Hash Function Development

South Carolina Fundamentals of Web Page Design and Development
Standard
13.22 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
13.14 Functions and Parameters 1
13.16 Functions and Return Values 1
13.15 Functions and Parameters 2
13.17 Functions and Return Values 2

South Carolina Fundamentals of Web Page Design and Development with Certification Prep
Standard
14.22 Array Length and Looping Through Arrays
14.14 Functions and Parameters 1
14.16 Functions and Return Values 1
14.15 Functions and Parameters 2
14.17 Functions and Return Values 2

Tennessee Computer Science Foundations
Standard
1.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
1.4 Functions in Karel
1.5 The Start Function
1.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
1.7 Commenting Your Code
1.8 Super Karel
1.9 For Loops
1.10 If Statements
1.11 If/Else Statements
1.12 While Loops in Karel
1.13 Control Structures Example
1.14 More Karel Examples and Testing
1.15 How to Indent Your Code

Tennessee Introduction to Computer Science
Standard
4.3 Karel Can't Turn Right
4.4 Functions in Karel
4.5 The Start Function
4.6 Top Down Design and Decomposition in Karel
4.7 Commenting Your Code
4.8 Abstraction
4.9 Super Karel
4.10 For Loops
4.11 If Statements
4.12 If/Else Statements
4.13 While Loops in Karel
4.14 Control Structures Example
4.15 More Karel Examples and Testing
4.16 How to Indent Your Code
7.1 Functions and Parameters 1
7.2 Functions and Parameters 2
7.3 Functions and Parameters 3
7.4 Functions and Return Values 1
7.5 Functions and Return Values 2